Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome (PMOS) is the updated name for what has long been known as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The new name better reflects the condition: it is primarily a hormonal and metabolic disorder rather than a condition of ovarian cysts.

PMOS is a common hormonal condition affecting roughly one in ten women of reproductive age. It reflects an imbalance in reproductive hormones and, in many women, in the way the body handles insulin.

Common features include irregular or infrequent periods, excess hair growth on the face or body, acne, difficulty maintaining weight, and difficulty conceiving. Not every woman experiences every feature, and the pattern can change over time.

Diagnosis is made on the basis of symptoms, blood tests and — in some cases — ultrasound appearance of the ovaries, after excluding other causes. Because PMOS can affect long-term health, including the risk of diabetes and the health of the uterine lining, ongoing care matters beyond symptom control alone.

Management is individual and often involves your GP and other specialists. It may include lifestyle support, medications to regulate cycles or manage hair and skin changes, and fertility treatment when pregnancy is the priority.